India approves royalty rates for mining of Lithium, Niobium, rare earth minerals

The royalty rate plays a pivotal role in attracting bidders during auctions, and to ensure competitiveness, the Ministry of Mines has devised a method to calculate the Average Sale Price (ASP) of these minerals, facilitating the determination of bid parameters.

Until now, the Second Schedule of the MMDR Act dictated a default royalty rate of 12% of the ASP for minerals not explicitly listed. However, this rate is considerably high compared to other critical and strategic minerals, and it doesn't align with global standards.

As a result, a more reasonable royalty rate has been established for these minerals. Lithium will incur a royalty of 3% based on the London Metal Exchange price.

Niobium will be subject to a 3% royalty calculated from the Average Sale Price, considering both primary and secondary sources and Rare Earth Elements (REEs) will have a royalty of 1% based on the Average Sale Price of Rare Earth Oxide.

These critical minerals have gained immense significance due to India's commitment to energy transition and achieving net-zero emissions by 2070.

Additionally, they play a crucial role in geopolitics, making indigenous mining a strategic imperative. This initiative is expected to reduce imports and stimulate the growth of related industries and infrastructure projects while also generating employment opportunities in the mining sector.

The Geological Survey of India (GSI) has taken a proactive stance by providing exploration reports on REE and Lithium blocks, and various exploration agencies are actively surveying critical and strategic minerals across the nation.

The central government is on the cusp of launching the first tranche of auctions for critical and strategic minerals, including Lithium, REEs, Nickel, Platinum Group of Elements, Potash, Glauconite, Phosphorite, Graphite, Molybdenum, and more, signifying a promising future for India's self-reliance in these vital resources.

Currently, 47% of the world's lithium is produced in Australia, 30% in Chile and 15% in China. India has been import-dependent on many minerals like lithium, nickel, and cobalt and has lately been looking to strengthen its supply of key minerals, including lithium, that will be critical for furthering its electric vehicle plans.