COP or the Conference of the Parties is a group of nations (parties) that have signed the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). It is the supreme decision-making body of the international convention.
In these conferences, parties review progress made by members of the UNFCCC in achieving the ultimate objective of the convention. At the COP summit, world leaders also work together on solutions to combat climate change.
The Convention in Summary
Recognized that there was a problem
Puts the onus on developed countries to lead the way
Keeps tabs on the problem and what's being done about it
Kicks off formal consideration of adaptation to climate change
Sets a lofty but specific goal
Directs new funds to climate change activities in developing countries
Charts the beginnings of a path to strike a delicate balance