India finds no takers for rupee payment for oil imports

”During FY 2022-23, no crude oil imports by oil PSUs were settled in Indian rupee. Crude oil suppliers (including UAE’s ADNOC) continue to express their concern on the repatriation of funds in the preferred currency and also highlighted high transactional costs associated with the conversion of funds along with exchange fluctuation risks,” the oil ministry told the parliamentary department related standing committee.

The ministry, whose submissions are part of the committee’s report which was tabled in Parliament last week, said Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) has informed that it incurred high transaction costs as crude oil suppliers pass on the additional transactional costs to IOC.

The RBI, it said, had last year permitted the opening of rupee vostro accounts in the partner trading country. Under this mechanism, Indian importers undertaking imports through this mechanism shall make payment in Indian rupee which shall be credited into the special Vostro account of the correspondent bank of the partner country, against the invoices for the supply of goods or services from the overseas seller /supplier.

”Payments for crude oil can be made in Indian rupee, subject to the suppliers’ complying with regulatory guidelines in this regard,” the ministry said. "Currently, Reliance Industries Ltd and oil PSUs do not have an agreement with any crude oil supplier to make purchases in Indian currency for the supply of crude oil.” India is the world’s third-largest energy consumer. With its domestic production meeting less than 15 per cent of its needs, the country imports the remaining crude oil, which is converted to fuels such as petrol and diesel at refineries.

In the 2022-23 (April 2022 to March 2023) fiscal, India spent USD 157.5 billion on import of 232.7 million tonnes of crude oil. Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Russia, and UAE were its biggest suppliers. Of this, 141.2 million tonnes came from the Middle East, accounting for 58 per cent of all supplies.

In the current fiscal, India imported 152.6 million tonnes of crude oil between April and November for USD 113.4 billion.

”India’s consumption would be about 5.5-5.6 million barrels per day. Out of that, we import about 4.6 million barrels per day, which is about 10 per cent of the overall oil trade in the world,” the ministry told the committee.

On price volatility, the ministry said PSU oil firms are impacted by the volatility in prices of crude oil but only to the extent of fuel and loss.